In what DB table are Object columns stored?

I'm trying to find the database table where all the column config is stored that you can view through the Object Designer UI (EntitySchemaDesigner), but I don't appear to be able to find it. I have seen some of this data appears to be stored for Lookup columns in the SysEntitySchemaReference table, but for general columns I can't see it.

Is this data only stored in the MetaData column of SysSchema? Or am I just missing the table it's stored in column by column?

I need this data in order to create a SQL procedure for archiving records, as some columns which have since been removed from the Object still exist on the DB table, so I am trying to exclude such columns from the archiving process. Everything else works about the archiving procedure, the only error is when the source DB table has a column that doesn't exist in the Object's config. Any help appreciated.